Tony Yayo once again showed why G-Unit and Ja Rule will never reconcile. In an interview with DJ Vlad, Yayo and Vlad had a discussion about the greatest rapper of all time. Dr. Dre recently called Eminem the greatest to ever do it. Yayo co-signed Dre’s opinion, adding that he had Em in his top five, but couldn’t disagree with Dre’s opinion. He talked about the value of statistics, mentioning that Eminem is still breaking records nearly a quarter of a century into his mainstream career. He uttered a familiar phrase: “men lie, women lie, numbers don’t,” suggesting a belief that commercial success is the greatest measure of a rapper’s status in the industry.
The conversation between Vlad and Tony Yayo went from the greatest rapper of all time to Yayo creating his Mount Rushmore of Queens rappers. The two of them went through a list. They did not quite settle on a Mount Rushmore, but Vlad was quick to note that Ja Rule’s name did not come up. Vlad argued that Ja should be in conversations over the Lost Boys. Especially if one of Yayo’s own measures for success is how well one performs commercially. For a period, Ja Rule was among the most popular rappers around, along with DMX, OutKast, Eminem, and of course, 50 Cent.
Tony Yayo Insults Ja Rule, Again
“He was like the industry plant early, Ja Rule […],” said Tony Yayo in the clip. “Ja Rule was a buster to me. I don’t know him. He’s from the other side of town. He’s a buster to me, and he’s still a buster. Irv [Gotti]’s a buster, Irv’s brother’s a buster, and they’re all busters to me.” When questioned about Ja’s ability to sell records at his peak, Yayo responded by calling him a buster again. He disregarded his sales and reiterated that the Lost Boys deserve to be on that list instead of him.
Tony Yayo’s response is not surprising. The 50 Cent-led G-unit camp and Ja Rule have had issues for over twenty years. 50, along with Eminem, contributed greatly to ending Ja’s run as a commercially viable rapper, with a series of diss tracks that kneecapped his credibility. Em once again took aim at him on The Death of Slim Shady. With this interview, Yayo is the latest 50 Cent affiliate to remind fans that the participants in this long-running beef will probably never reach a truce.
Wack 100 sadly failed in his attempts to bail Keefe D out of prison, and returned to the very source of this failure to address it. Moreover, he hopped back to DJ Vlad’s studio for another VladTV interview, during which he talked about the judge blocking his bail attempts for the Tupac Shakur murder suspect due to questioning his motives. For those unaware, the court found that the music executive’s intentions in bailing Keefe out were questionable, as he posited making a media series out of his story and could not prove that he didn’t have a business incentive in his release.
Still, Wack 100 maintains that Keefe D is presumed innocent until proven guilty, and that said business dealings are lawful as a result. He remains committed to make some money with Keefe, real name Duane Davis, but it’s clear that his legal situation will impact their ability to collaborate and make something out of his story. Perhaps Wack’s course of action now is to stay out of the case until it wraps up, and then he can determine whether or not these business partnerships are viable.
Elsewhere, Wack 100 has other hot takes and assessments to dish out, including his latest comments on the Kendrick Lamar and Drake beef. “Of course Drake can come to California and L.A. and still move around. Ain’t nobody looking to do anything to Drake,” he recently shared on DJ Akademiks’ livestream. “A huge L for Drake,” Wack said of folks cosigning K.Dot. “The worst part about that was YG. [Drake] name-drops him. Drake can never perform that song and mention YG’s name.”
Meanwhile, it seems like Keefe D and his legal team are still confident that they could secure bond in the murder trial and eventually get him out of there. It’s overall been a pretty complicated and unclear legal process, especially since it deals in a decades-old crime and a whole lot of conflicting reports. And it’s not just Wack 100: we’re sure a lot of people would drop everything at the sign of making content about Keefe. So we’ll see how that develops, and whether there will be any legal repercussions for it.
Wack 100 sadly failed in his attempts to bail Keefe D out of prison, and returned to the very source of this failure to address it. Moreover, he hopped back to DJ Vlad’s studio for another VladTV interview, during which he talked about the judge blocking his bail attempts for the Tupac Shakur murder suspect due to questioning his motives. For those unaware, the court found that the music executive’s intentions in bailing Keefe out were questionable, as he posited making a media series out of his story and could not prove that he didn’t have a business incentive in his release.
Still, Wack 100 maintains that Keefe D is presumed innocent until proven guilty, and that said business dealings are lawful as a result. He remains committed to make some money with Keefe, real name Duane Davis, but it’s clear that his legal situation will impact their ability to collaborate and make something out of his story. Perhaps Wack’s course of action now is to stay out of the case until it wraps up, and then he can determine whether or not these business partnerships are viable.
Elsewhere, Wack 100 has other hot takes and assessments to dish out, including his latest comments on the Kendrick Lamar and Drake beef. “Of course Drake can come to California and L.A. and still move around. Ain’t nobody looking to do anything to Drake,” he recently shared on DJ Akademiks’ livestream. “A huge L for Drake,” Wack said of folks cosigning K.Dot. “The worst part about that was YG. [Drake] name-drops him. Drake can never perform that song and mention YG’s name.”
Meanwhile, it seems like Keefe D and his legal team are still confident that they could secure bond in the murder trial and eventually get him out of there. It’s overall been a pretty complicated and unclear legal process, especially since it deals in a decades-old crime and a whole lot of conflicting reports. And it’s not just Wack 100: we’re sure a lot of people would drop everything at the sign of making content about Keefe. So we’ll see how that develops, and whether there will be any legal repercussions for it.
DJ Vlad, a figure who has carved a unique niche in the digital media landscape, is a testament to innovation and adaptability in the ever-evolving entertainment world. Starting as a DJ and transitioning into a media mogul, his journey is marked by a keen understanding of digital trends and audience engagement. DJ Vlad’s entrepreneurial acumen and success in digital media have culminated in a net worth of $10 million, according to Celebrity Net Worth, underscoring his influence and foresight in harnessing the power of online platforms.
From Turntables To Trendsetter: DJ Vlad’s Career Evolution
NEW YORK – JULY 25: DJ Vlad attends the VIBE presents Artists On The Verge: Def Jam The Next Generation Showcase. At Eugene’s July 25, 2005 in New York City. (Photo by Ray Tamarra/Getty Images)
DJ Vlad’s career began in the music world, where he made his mark as a skilled DJ. His early forays into music set the stage for a larger leap into digital media. Recognizing the potential of the internet early on, Vlad ventured into content creation. He established himself as a prominent figure in the online entertainment industry. His website, VladTV, became a significant platform for hip-hop culture and news. It offered interviews, news coverage, and commentary that resonated with a broad audience.
His approach to content – unfiltered, direct, and often controversial – has made VladTV a go-to source for many seeking an alternative perspective in entertainment journalism. Vlad’s ability to navigate and shape the digital media space has made him a successful entrepreneur and an influential voice in modern pop culture and hip-hop journalism.
The Man Behind The Media: DJ Vlad’s Personal Insights
Beyond his professional endeavors, DJ Vlad’s personal journey sheds light on the mind of an innovator in digital media. His background and experiences have played a crucial role in shaping his business strategies and content philosophy. Despite facing criticism and controversy for some of his interview techniques and content choices, Vlad has remained steadfast in his approach. He often uses these challenges further to solidify his presence in the digital media arena.
His involvement in various projects and continuous exploration of new media avenues reveal a professional constantly seeking growth and evolution. This relentless pursuit of innovation defines his career and reflects his personal ethos of adaptability and forward-thinking.
Assessing The Influence: DJ Vlad’s Net Worth & Cultural Impact
(L-R) DJ Vlad, Necole Bitchie, and Mysonne attend the Bottles & Strikes 1 Year Anniversary celebration. At Chelsea Piers on November 16, 2010 in New York City. (Photo by Johnny Nunez/WireImage)
In considering DJ Vlad’s career and his $10 million net worth, it’s evident that his true impact transcends monetary measurement. His influence in shaping digital media, particularly within hip-hop culture, positions him as a significant figure in the entertainment industry. Vlad’s journey from a DJ to a media entrepreneur showcases the potential of digital platforms in the modern media landscape. His story is a compelling example of how passion, innovation, and understanding trends can lead to substantial success and a lasting legacy in the digital age.
DJ Vlad, real name Vladislav Lyubovny, is best known for his website, VladTV, where he holds interviews with celebrities from all spheres of entertainment. Vlad however, is no stranger to controversy. The Ukrainian-American personality is quite a polarizing figure in culture, and frequently receives backlash for his content. Recently, he earned the backlash of the Black community following his comments on the ongoing beef between rappers Kendrick Lamar and Drake. His comments led to a heated Twitter exchange with Princeton University professor, Morgan Jenkins. With this, many claimed DJ Vlad attempted to weaponize his white privilege unlike ever before.
The rap beef between Kendrick Lamar and Drake has spanned a few weeks now, with each blasting the other via diss tracks. Kendrick Lamar’s latest entry to the battle, “Not Like Us,” was released on May 4, on the heels of his previous entry, “Meet The Grahams.” As expected, “Not Like Us” went viral immediately for its catchy beat and lyrics. But what stood out the most was Kendrick doubling down on all his allegations against Drake.
However, somewhere in the heat of the viral moment was DJ Vlad. He took to Twitter to share his criticism of K-Dot’s latest entry. “Kendrick’s “Not Like Us” needed a better mix,” he began. “It takes away from the song.” It didn’t take long for his tweet to garner a pile of backlash. DJ Vlad’s comments were deemed “unnecessary,” as well as an attempt to put the spotlight on himself.
Among the backlash was a tweet from Princeton University professor, Morgan Jenkins who simply responded, “You are WHITE. This is a BLACK FOLK AFFAIR.” This sentiment has been shared by several against non-Black people who have attempted to leave commentary on the diss tracks. Vlad responded negatively to Jerkins’ post and began to tag Princeton, her employer, in his subsequent responses.
DJ Vlad Pulls A Karen
He put that nastiness out in the world and the world responded.
DJ Vlad tagged the institution in multiple tweets against Jerkins, seemingly attempting to get her fired from her position. In one of his tweets, he said, “Wait, so a professor at @Princeton is telling me that a white person shouldn’t be allowed to voice their opinion about Hip-Hop? Is that how you interact with your students?” Jerkins, who is the niece of Hip-Hop icon Rodney “Darkchild” Jerkins eventually clarified that the semester was over and her current contract with Princeton was completed, but that didn’t stop Vlad from continuing to tag the institution.
In his tweets, he seemingly urged the university to fire Jerkins, claiming that her comments were “ignorant and bigoted.” In a tweet to Jerkins, he said, “Good luck being a professor at @Princeton again. I doubt the university supports their faculty telling non-black students to shut the fuck up about anything Hip-Hop related because of their skin color.”
A lie. He tagged my employer multiple times with the intention to professionally harm me. I didn’t troll. I centered Black people in a discussion on hip-hop and told him to stand down bc it’s not his space.
Following the exchange, Jerkins received an outpour of support online. Many people accused DJ Vlad of weaponizing his whiteness against a Black woman, something that he has been accused of in the past. Furthermore, social media users were also quick to point out that Vlad’s initial tweet got multiple disagreeing responses from men of all races, many of whom shared the same sentiment as Jerkins. The fact that he chose to double down on hers, and immediately escalated it to the point of including her place of work, led to him getting slammed on Twitter.
Things were quiet over the weekend for Vlad, but other Twitter users continued to fire at him for his comments. Unsurprisingly, he was also labeled a “Karen.” Furthermore, it led to users digging deeper into Vlad’s history of involving himself with Black culture. On Monday, May 6, however, Vlad attempted to take back his statements.
He tweeted, “Since it’s Monday, let me clear the air and state that I never had any intention of filing a complaint to Princeton for former professor Morgan Jerkins saying that white people aren’t allowed to comment on Kendrick Lamar’s music. She trolled me and I trolled back.” Jerkins responded to this tweet stating that DJ Vlad was lying, as he had already tagged Princeton multiple times. Moreover, he had even allegedly tried to contact her family.
On Wednesday, May 8, DJ Vlad took to his Twitter once more. However, this time was to issue a public apology to Jerkins. The apology stated, “After considerable reflection, I would like to apologize to @MorganJerkins for tagging her job in my replies during our Twitter exchange last weekend.” Unsurprisingly, the apology rang hollow to many. Vlad also deleted all his tweets from the exchange with Jerkins before publicly apologizing.
DJ Vlad is better known as the founder of VladTV. To many, he has established himself as a prominent figure in Hip Hop media. However, this sentiment isn’t unanimously shared. After all, DJ Vlad has had his fair share of controversial moments, led by his interviews, which many have found to be exploitative in nature. Most recently, he’s been under intense fire for trying to get a Black Professor fired from Princeton, which many have attributed to white fragility. But a couple more controversies have surrounded DJ Vlad over the years.
His Interview Style
One of the primary criticisms directed at DJ Vlad revolves around his interview techniques. Numerous Hip Hop artists have publicly criticized DJ Vlad for his interview style, particularly his choice of questions. Some feel he crosses boundaries and exploits sensitive topics for clicks and views. Many of his questions are provocative, taking aim at crime, violence, and legal issues among predominantly Black artists. This approach has led to accusations that he sensationalizes serious issues for entertainment value.
Further, DJ Vlad employs a distinctive style of interview that many view as interrogative. For example, the New Jersey rapper Tsu Surf called him out on this, saying, “Realistically, there is such a thing as bait. You’re a baiter. Of course, you wouldn’t say, ‘I got anybody indicted,’ but you fish. You feel me? And some of my peers, some of the people that sat in this seat aren’t smart or witty enough to know when there is bait being swung their way, or when they are supposed to dip the bait.”
Suspected Involvement With Law Enforcement
Another contentious aspect of DJ Vlad’s career is suspicion about his cooperation with law enforcement. Several interviewees have raised concerns about statements made during interviews being used against them in legal proceedings. And if we’re being honest, his interview style doesn’t help his case. During discussions, guests sit in front of the camera. At the same time, Vlad, reportedly at another location, asks probing questions that can come across as highly incriminating and potentially suggestive of a setup.
This has given the platform a reputation for having a curse—the “Vlad Curse.” People have alleged that whoever Vlad interviews gets arrested. Some examples of artists include Keefe D, who was arrested for the murder of Tupac Shakur, and Ralo, who was apprehended and accused of running a cross-country drug operation. Speaking to RevoltTV about the curse, Vlad said he didn’t believe it to be true. “I mean, apart from the Keffe D situation, I’ve never heard of that actually happening,” he said. “Just to keep it 100. Like, I’ve never heard of our stuff actually being used, an interview being used against someone in a case that they actually talked about. In my rationale, for the Keefe D situation, he wrote a f*cking book.”
Weaponizing Whiteness
A lie. He tagged my employer multiple times with the intention to professionally harm me. I didn’t troll. I centered Black people in a discussion on hip-hop and told him to stand down bc it’s not his space.
Most recently, DJ Vlad shared his thoughts on Kendrick Lamar’s new Drake diss track, “Not Like Us,” via X. He commented on the mix, suggesting potential improvements. In response, Morgan Jerkins, an author, editor, Princeton University professor, and famed producer Darkchild’s niece, advised against involvement in the viral conversation. She wrote: “You are WHITE. This is a BLACK FOLK AFFAIR.”
Vlad responded swiftly and firmly to the remark. He even went as far as tagging Princeton directly in his reply, which many have remarked was in extremely poor taste: “Wait, so a professor at @Princeton is telling me that a white person shouldn’t be allowed to voice their opinion about Hip Hop? Is that how you interact with your students?”
The exchange continued as Vlad threatened to contact Princeton, again tagging the university. He then insinuated that she might lose her job at Princeton if he followed this action. Although Vlad tried to backtrack on his tweets the next day, saying he was only defending himself, Jerkins pointed out that he had already contacted the university by tagging them. Even the author Marc Lamont Hill tried to call Vlad out for weaponizing his whiteness, but Vlad instead made scalding comments about Lamont losing his job. Altogether, this entire exchange felt like something out of a Karen playbook, as DJ Vlad allegedly weaponized his white fragility in an attempt to get a Black woman fired.
Employing The Use Of Click Bait Headlines
50 Cent calls out VladTV and Kal Dawson for claiming Kal was in the car when 50 was shot 9 times..
VladTV is also known for giving his videos certain titles that are sure to stir up trouble. In 2021, he titled an episode of his show, “Kal Dawson was in the car when 50 Cent Got Shot 9 Times, Kal Got Shot Also.” According to The Source, the video was focused on the harrowing incident where 50 Cent was shot multiple times. 50 Cent subsequently posted a screenshot of the video with the word “FRAUDULENT” put over the video. He also asked for the video to be taken down. “I want this video taken down now!” he said.
Accusations Of Being A Culture Vulture
NEW YORK, NY – JUNE 26: (L-R) Avi ‘The Real Avi’ Aranbayev, Charlamagne Tha God. Chinx Drugz and DJ Vlad attend Charlamagne Tha God’s birthday celebration at Stage. 48 on June 26, 2013 in New York City. (Photo by Johnny Nunez/WireImage)
DJ Vlad’s real name is Vladislav Lyubovny, and he is a white Ukrainian man. Therefore, his work in primarily Black culture has worked both for him and against him. As a result, Vlad has also been tagged as a “culture vulture.” Folks have accused him of preying on Black culture. Moreover, he mostly focuses on the negative side of Black artistry and communities.
Marvin Shadi Powers, the uncle of the late rapper Bankroll Fresh, was one of the first to label DJ Vlad a “culture vulture.” VladTV debuted an interview with No Plug, the individual accused of Bankroll’s murder, during which No Plug claimed the shooting was an act of self-defense. Soon after, Powers sent a passionate letter to Vlad, calling him out on his bias.
“You disrespectful culture vulture,” he began. “When I asked you to interview Bankroll PJ and how he was continuing the legacy, you had a subordinate call me to tell me you’re passing on PJ. He had just released a new single out, plus he’s starring in a new FX TV show (Atlanta) this fall with Childish Gambino, but no that was too positive, huh? Not enough Black-on-Black crime?”
DJ Vlad has issued a public apology to Professor Morgan Jerkins for attacking her employment in a Twitter dispute over the Drake and Kendrick Lamar battle.
Hitting X, Vlad wrote, “After considerable reflection, I would like to apologize to @MorganJerkins for tagging her job in my replies during our Twitter exchange last weekend.”
After considerable reflection, I would like to apologize to @MorganJerkins for tagging her job in my replies during our Twitter exchange last weekend.
In case you missed it, DJ Vlad has been a controversial figure in hip-hop media. Still, within the past few years, the controversy has intensified with his line of questioning and the numerous rappers who’ve been charged with crimes after being interviewed by him. Now, on social media, it appears that DJ Vlad, aka Vladimir Lyubovny, has threatened a Black Ivy League professor’s job over her comments to him about his perspective on the Kendrick vs. Drake beef.
On Saturday (May 4), the internet was in an uproar over Kendrick’s back-to-back responses to Drake in their ongoing rap beef. Vlad commented that he wasn’t a fan of K Dot’s “Not Like Us” track, tweeting, “Kendrick’s “Not Like Us” needed a better mix. It takes away from the song.” The 50-year-old YouTuber was met with a barrage of criticism, but one brash comment caught his attention.
Morgan Jenkins, who according to her X profile, is a “New York Times bestselling author” and “@princeton CWR faculty” member, told Vlad that the Kendrick vs. Drake beef was “a BLACK FOLK AFFAIR”. Vlad immediately responded with threats towards Jenkins, making it obvious that he would be contacting Princeton to inform the University about Ms. Jenkins comment on social media.
TheSource.com will update this story if Vlad keeps his word and calls Princeton tomorrow.
DJ Vlad has officially apologized to Professor Morgan Jerkins for reaching out to Princeton in an apparent attempt to get her fired from the university. The two were involved in a dispute on Twitter, over the weekend, and Vlad quickly tagged her employer in the thread while threatening to file an official complaint. After facing immense backlash for the move, Vlad wrote on Wednesday morning: “After considerable reflection, I would like to apologize to @MorganJerkins for tagging her job in my replies during our Twitter exchange last weekend.”
Despite the apology, Vlad’s followers continued to criticize him in the replies. “If u can’t take a non-threatening criticism hip hop is not the arena for you. Journalist or not u should know this. Keep it player Vlad,” one user wrote. Another remarked: “Nah, bruh. When you played that card, you lost your hand.”
NEW YORK, NY – JUNE 26: (L-R) DJ Vlad, Charlamagne Tha God and Myson attend Charlamagne Tha God’s birthday celebration at Stage 48 on June 26, 2013, in New York City. (Photo by Johnny Nunez/WireImage)
Vlad previously tried to walk back his comments on Monday morning, claiming that he never intended to actually reach out to Princeton. The statement wasn’t enough for Jerkins, who responded to the post: “A lie. He tagged my employer multiple times with the intention to professionally harm me. I didn’t troll. I centered Black people in a discussion on hip-hop and told him to stand down bc it’s not his space. He’s backtracking bc he miscalculated. Btw, stop contacting my family.” Check out Vlad’s apology to Jerkins below.
DJ Vlad Apologizes To Morgan Jerkins
After considerable reflection, I would like to apologize to @MorganJerkins for tagging her job in my replies during our Twitter exchange last weekend.
Vlad and Jerkins initially began arguing over Kendrick Lamar’s “Not Like Us.” When Vlad complained about the mixing, the professor fired back: “You are WHITE. This is a BLACK FOLK AFFAIR.” She added that the conversation “should center Black people.” Be on the lookout for further updates on DJ Vlad on HotNewHipHop.
DJ Vlad says he won’t be reaching out to Princeton in an apparent attempt to get Professor Morgan Jerkins fired from the university after threatening to do so. The two had a heated back and forth on Twitter after Vlad posted: “Kendrick’s “Not Like Us” needed a better mix. It takes away from the song.” Jerkins took issue with the take and replied: “You are WHITE. This is a BLACK FOLK AFFAIR.” She added that the conversation “should center Black people.”
“Don’t try to change your words now. I’ll be reaching out to @princeton about this on Monday,” Vlad then replied. The move warranted tons of backlash from hip-hop fans. “This is something a white person would do,” one user wrote. Another added: “You have to see the irony here.”
DJ Vlad Attends Charlamagne Tha God’s Birthday Party
NEW YORK, NY – JUNE 26: (L-R) DJ Vlad, Charlamagne Tha God and Myson attend Charlamagne Tha God’s birthday celebration at Stage 48 on June 26, 2013, in New York City. (Photo by Johnny Nunez/WireImage)
“Since it’s Monday, let me clear the air and state that I never had any intention of filing a complaint to Princeton for former professor Morgan Jerkins saying that white people aren’t allowed to comment on Kendrick Lamar’s music. She trolled me and I trolled back,” Vlad wrote. “At the end of the day, it created an interesting discussion about race relations in America. I will be discussing it further in my future interviews.” When Jerkins saw the explanation, she fired back: “A lie. He tagged my employer multiple times with the intention to professionally harm me. I didn’t troll. I centered Black people in a discussion on hip-hop and told him to stand down bc it’s not his space. He’s backtracking bc he miscalculated. Btw, stop contacting my family.”
DJ Vlad Addresses The Backlash
Since it’s Monday, let me clear the air and state that I never had any intention of filing a complaint to Princeton for former professor Morgan Jerkins saying that white people aren’t allowed to comment on Kendrick Lamar’s music. She trolled me and I trolled back. At the end of…
A lie. He tagged my employer multiple times with the intention to professionally harm me. I didn’t troll. I centered Black people in a discussion on hip-hop and told him to stand down bc it’s not his space.
Check out the latest posts in the drama between Vlad and Jerkins above. Be on the lookout for further updates on DJ Vlad as well as the feud between Drake and Kendrick Lamar on HotNewHipHop.
DJ Vlad has been a controversial figure on the landscape of Hip Hop media, but within the past few years the controversy has intensified with his line of questioning and the numerous rappers who’ve been charged with crimes after being interviewed by him. Now, on social media, it appears that DJ Vlad aka Vladimir Lyubovny has threatened a Black Ivy League professor’s job over her comments to him about his perspective on the Kendrick vs. Drake beef.
On Saturday(May 4), the internet was in an uproar over Kendrick’s back-to-back responses to Drake in their ongoing rap beef. Vlad commented that he wasn’t a fan of K Dot’s “Not Like Us” track, tweeting, “Kendrick’s “Not Like Us” needed a better mix. It takes away from the song.” The 50-year-old YouTuber was met with a barrage of criticism, but one particular brash comment caught his attention.
Morgan Jenkins, who according to her X profile, is a “New York Times bestselling author” and “@princeton CWR faculty” member, told Vlad that the Kendrick vs. Drake beef was “a BLACK FOLK AFFAIR”. Vlad immediately responded with threats towards Jenkins, making it obvious that he would be contacting Princeton to inform the University about Ms. Jenkins comment on social media.
TheSource.com will update this story if Vlad keeps his word and calls Princeton tomorrow.
